Being married makes some things more important than they used to be. For instance, what do I think about Baptism? I have always somewhat leaned towards the infant baptism side, if only because that is what I have been taught. That has not changed, but my recent study of the Word, along with my desire to do what is right in God's eyes for my family, pushed me to look further into the topic. Should my wife and I have a child, I wanted to make sure we were clear on our beliefs. The following is the result of that study. I hope you find it enjoyable, informative, and possibly challenging. I also hope that if there are errors in my conclusions that can be proven through scripture, that someone will bring them to my attention.
I believe that "All Scripture is God-breathed and is useful for teaching, rebuking, correcting and training in righteousness" (2 Tim 3:16). My following argument hinges completely on that belief.
Instead of trying to disprove that Baptism is a sign of righteousness that we have by faith, as most Baptists would say, I am going to heartily agree. I think the Bible is clear that once someone believes, they should be baptized.
However, I do not believe this is the ONLY acceptable parameter for baptism.
Before I go too far, I want to try to explain the difference between what I think the traditional Baptist view is, and what I have come to believe.
A traditional Baptist would say that baptism is our outward sign of our inward commitment to Christ. I would say that baptism is not our sign at all; rather it is God's sign of the covenant that He made with us. This covenant does not save, but it marks us as a part of God's family, just as circumcision did in the Old Testament. Not all circumcised Israelites went to heaven, but they were held to a higher standard because of their affiliation with God's family. Not all baptized people will be in heaven, but they are held to a higher standard because of their affiliation with God's family. I honestly think this is where the biggest disconnect with my Baptist brothers and sisters lies. Obviously, if baptism were all about our decision and our commitment, an infant would not have the presence of mind to make such a decision.
However, I do not believe that is what Baptism is about at all. I believe that the covenant that God made with Abraham, which had the sign of circumcision attached to it, was an "everlasting" covenant, as God said it was.
"And I will establish my covenant between me and you and your offspring after you throughout their generations for an everlasting covenant, to be God to you and to your offspring after you. And I will give to you and to your offspring after you the land of your sojournings, all the land of Canaan, for an everlasting possession, and I will be their God." And God said to Abraham, "As for you, you shall keep my covenant, you and your offspring after you throughout their generations. This is my covenant, which you shall keep, between me and you and your offspring after you: Every male among you shall be circumcised. You shall be circumcised in the flesh of your foreskins, and it shall be a sign of the covenant between me and you."
-Genesis 17:7-11
I believe that the new covenant is the same as the old covenant. It is an everlasting covenant after all, and our God deals with His people in the same way throughout the entirety of scripture. He does not change.
To quote Robert Booth, "The Bible teaches one and the same way of salvation in both the Old and New Testaments, despite some different outward requirements." (from his book "Children of the Promise", p.8)
One of the most compelling verses that state this fact specifically in regards to circumcision and baptism, is found in Colossians 2:11-12
"In him also you were circumcised with a circumcision made without hands, by putting off the body of the flesh, by the circumcision of Christ, having been buried with him in baptism, in which you were also raised with him through faith in the powerful working of God, who raised him from the dead."
Here, baptism is directly referred to as "circumcision without hands". The verse goes on to say that certain physical requirements of the covenant under the old sign (circumcision) were made unnecessary by the sacrifice of Christ on the Cross.
Now I would not say that either myself or my Baptist brothers think that baptism saves souls. A little (or a lot) of water cannot save a soul. The Holy Spirit can. But baptism is commanded many times in scripture. It is such commands in scripture that my Baptist brothers cite as proof that the practice of infant baptism does not hold water (ok, that pun was intended).
Verses such as:
Acts 2:38 - "And Peter said to them, "Repent and be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins, and you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit."
Mark 16:16 "Whoever believes and is baptized will be saved, but whoever does not believe will be condemned."
Acts 2:41 "So those who received his word were baptized, and there were added that day about three thousand souls."
At this point I would like to re-state that ALL scripture is God breathed, and that our God is the same yesterday today and forever. I would never try to argue my way around the fact that all of these verses command baptism of believers. But I have yet to see a verse that says "You may not baptize infants". The aforementioned verses do not disprove the validity of infant baptism; rather they prove the validity of believer's baptism. The two can both exist.
We have to realize that the majority of the New Testament was during or directly after Christ's ministry on earth. I believe these commands to be baptized are coupled with other commands such as "receive His word", and "believe", because they were given to a crowd of unbelievers. Personally, I do not remember a time that I did not believe in God and consider myself to be a Christian. I was not baptized as an infant, only because my parents were Baptists at the time, but I was very young. To one who already believes, the command to believe is superfluous. The Bible talks about "childlike faith", and babies jumping in the womb at the presence of Jesus, so I have no problem with saying that an infant, even a non-verbal 8 day old child can have faith in the God that made him. It may or may not be quite as developed as our faith, but as mature Christians it is our duty to train our children up in the love and knowledge of God. Nurture their faith. God promises that if we are faithful, He will be too.
Read the following excerpt from Romans:
“Blessed are those
whose transgressions are forgiven,
whose sins are covered.
Blessed is the one
whose sin the Lord will never count against them.”
Is this blessedness only for the circumcised, or also for the uncircumcised? We have been saying that Abraham’s faith was credited to him as righteousness. Under what circumstances was it credited? Was it after he was circumcised, or before? It was not after, but before! And he received circumcision as a sign, a seal of the righteousness that he had by faith while he was still uncircumcised. So then, he is the father of all who believe but have not been circumcised, in order that righteousness might be credited to them. And he is then also the father of the circumcised who not only are circumcised but who also follow in the footsteps of the faith that our father Abraham had before he was circumcised.
It was not through the law that Abraham and his offspring received the promise that he would be heir of the world, but through the righteousness that comes by faith. For if those who depend on the law are heirs, faith means nothing and the promise is worthless, because the law brings wrath. And where there is no law there is no transgression.
Therefore, the promise comes by faith, so that it may be by grace and may be guaranteed to all Abraham’s offspring—not only to those who are of the law but also to those who have the faith of Abraham. He is the father of us all. As it is written: “I have made you a father of many nations.” He is our father in the sight of God, in whom he believed—the God who gives life to the dead and calls into being things that were not.
Against all hope, Abraham in hope believed and so became the father of many nations, just as it had been said to him, “So shall your offspring be.”Without weakening in his faith, he faced the fact that his body was as good as dead—since he was about a hundred years old—and that Sarah’s womb was also dead. Yet he did not waver through unbelief regarding the promise of God, but was strengthened in his faith and gave glory to God, being fully persuaded that God had power to do what he had promised. This is why “it was credited to him as righteousness.” The words “it was credited to him” were written not for him alone, but also for us, to whom God will credit righteousness—for us who believe in him who raised Jesus our Lord from the dead. He was delivered over to death for our sins and was raised to life for our justification."
This speaks of circumcision in very familiar language, but we are familiar with the language because it is how we are used to hearing Baptism spoken about. Abraham received the sign of circumcision as a mark of righteousness through faith. Is that not how many Baptists speak of the requirements for Baptism? You must believe, THEN be baptized, as Abraham believed, THEN was circumcised.
But we see, back in Genesis, that Abraham circumcised his own son at the young age of eight days old, as was the command by God to do for all of His covenant people. The big question is then, why were babies circumcised if it was a covenant sign applied by faith?
Conversely --or perhaps not-- should we baptize babies?
The only answer I can think of would be this:
Abraham required his own faith as entrance into the covenant with God. Isaac was part of the covenant by proxy.
In the same way, I believe that, when a baptized believer has a child, that child is immediately grafted into the covenant by proxy, However, when someone outside of the family of God desires entrance into it, it is appropriate for believers baptism to occur.
So, to be fair, I asked a trick question. There is only one Baptism. I should not have asked "Which baptism is Biblical?", I should have asked, "When is baptism appropriate for me, or my child?".
And here are the two possible answers
1. Infant baptism- For children born into the covenant, by one or more baptized parents.
2. Believer's baptism- For a person born outside of the covenant, who desires entrance into it.